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| Mr Benediktsson's Independence Party appears to have retained most seats |
Iceland's governing coalition appears to have suffered big losses in parliamentary elections with centre-left parties picking up many seats.
With 81% of the vote counted, Prime Minister Bjarni Benediktsson's centre-right Independence Party still looks set to emerge the largest.
However it may have lost nearly a quarter of its seats.
The second snap election in a year, called after a paedophile scandal, was held amid deep voter distrust.
Coalition talks are expected to be complex, with a record eight parties poised to enter parliament.
A three-party coalition is only possible if it includes both the Independence Party and its nearest rival, the Left-Green movement headed by 41-year-old Katrín Jakobsdóttir, the Iceland Monitor news website reports.
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| Ms Jakobsdóttir says she wants to use Iceland's economic boom to fund investment |
Most parties say investment is needed in welfare, infrastructure and tourism but disagree on how to fund it.
Mr Benediktsson called the election after it emerged that his father had written a letter saying a convicted paedophile should have his "honour restored".
The Bright Future party left the ruling coalition, triggering the election, but lost all its seats.
Meanwhile two new parties - including the Centre Party of former PM Sigmundur Gunnlaugsson, who was forced to resign last year after a tax haven scandal - won seats.
The furore over Mr Benediktsson's father's letter relates to an old Icelandic system allowing convicts to have certain civil rights restored if three letters of recommendation from persons of good character are provided.
Icelanders were furious at the secret backing for Hjalti Sigurjón Hauksson - convicted in 2004 of raping his stepdaughter almost every day for 12 years from when she was five. He served a five-and-a-half-year jail term.
The government was also accused of an attempted cover-up after it refused to disclose who had written the letter of recommendation.
The island of 340,000 people was one of the countries hit hardest by the 2008 financial crisis but has turned its economy around by focusing on tourism.
Source: BBCNews